Figure 11c. Fetal cloacal exstrophy. (a,b) Fetus at 20 weeks gestation. (a) Sagittal US scan shows a low anterior abdominal wall defect (solid arrows). A fluid collection (open arrow) is seen in the pelvis, which is suggestive of a deformed bladder; however, the bladder should not be seen in a case of exstrophy. The kidneys are not visible. (b) Axial RARE MR image (single shot/60) shows a pelvic kidney (arrowheads in b and c) in the region of the fluid collection seen in a. The spinal cord (arrow in b and c) is seen at this level, which is consistent with a tethered cord. (c) Axial RARE MR image (single shot/60) of the fetus at 38 weeks gestation again shows the pelvic kidney and tethered cord. These diagnoses were made prospectively after discussions with specialists in pediatric surgery and pediatric radiology. One of the benefits of fetal MR imaging is that specialists who are not accustomed to obstetric US can view MR images, with which they may be more familiar.