HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Bammer, R. Articles by Fazekas, F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bammer, R. Articles by Fazekas, F.

Diffusion-weighted Imaging with Navigated Interleaved Echo-planar Imaging and a Conventional Gradient System¹

¹ From the Magnetic Resonance Institute (R.B., R.S., J.S., H.O., S.R., F.E., F.F.) and the Depts of Neurology (R.B., M.A., H.O., S.R., P.K., F.F.) and Radiology (J.S., F.E.), University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, A-8036 Graz, Austria; Philips Medical Systems, Hamburg, Germany (H.K.); and the Institute of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology (P.W.). Received Feb 5, 1998; revision requested Mar 25; revision received Sep 29; accepted Nov 5. Supported in part by grants from Gemeinnützige Hertie Stiftung (R.B., S.R.) and the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Graz University of Technology (R.B.). Address reprint requests to R.S.

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the technical feasibility and precision of a navigated diffusion-weighted (DW) MR imaging method with interleaved echo-planar imaging and test its diagnostic sensitivity for detection of ischemic stroke.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements were performed in phantoms, and six healthy adult volunteers were examined to determine intrasubject (precision) and intersubject (reference range) variations in absolute ADC and relative ADC (rADC) measurements. DW imaging maps and lesion rADC values were also obtained in 34 consecutive stroke patients to evaluate the sensitivity and reliability of DW-interleaved echo-planar imaging for detection of ischemic brain damage.

RESULTS: Phantom and volunteer ADC values were in excellent agreement with published data. The intrasubject variation of rADC was 6.2%. The ADC precision ranged from 6.5% in the subcortical white matter in the frontal lobe to 12.9% in the head of the caudate nucleus. Interleaved echo-planar imaging enabled rapid acquisition of high-quality images of the entire brain without substantial artifacts. Within the 1st week, the sensitivity of DW-interleaved echo-planar imaging for detection of acute infarction was 90% (18 of 20 true-positive studies) and independent of lesion location.

CONCLUSION: DW-interleaved echo-planar imaging with phase navigation and cardiac triggering is robust, reliable, and fast. With high sensitivity for detection of early ischemic infarction, it is useful for examining stroke patients by using MR systems with conventional gradient hardware.

Index terms: Brain, infarction, 13.78 • Brain, MR, 13.121412, 13.121416, 13.12146 • Magnetic resonance (MR), diffusion study, 13.121412, 13.121416, 13.12146 • Magnetic resonance (MR), echo planar, 13.121416 • Magnetic resonance (MR), tissue characterization, 13.121412, 13.121416, 13.12146

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B.M. Ellingson, J.L. Ulmer, S.N. Kurpad, and B.D. Schmit Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., November 1, 2008; 29(10): 1976 - 1982. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B.M. Ellingson, J.L. Ulmer, S.N. Kurpad, and B.D. Schmit Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging of the Neurologically Intact Human Spinal Cord AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., August 1, 2008; 29(7): 1279 - 1284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Yamashita, T. Yoshiura, H. Arimura, F. Mihara, T. Noguchi, A. Hiwatashi, O. Togao, Y. Yamashita, T. Shono, S. Kumazawa, et al. Performance Evaluation of Radiologists with Artificial Neural Network for Differential Diagnosis of Intra-Axial Cerebral Tumors on MR Images AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., June 1, 2008; 29(6): 1153 - 1158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Murakami, T. Sugahara, H. Nakamura, T. Hirai, M. Kitajima, Y. Hayashida, Y. Baba, N. Oya, J.-i. Kuratsu, and Y. Yamashita Malignant Supratentorial Astrocytoma Treated with Postoperative Radiation Therapy: Prognostic Value of Pretreatment Quantitative Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging Radiology, May 1, 2007; 243(2): 493 - 499. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Summers, P. Staempfli, T. Jaermann, S. Kwiecinski, and S. Kollias A preliminary study of the effects of trigger timing on diffusion tensor imaging of the human spinal cord. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., October 1, 2006; 27(9): 1952 - 1961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C.-Y. Chen, C.-W. Li, Y.-T. Kuo, T.-S. Jaw, D.-K. Wu, J.-C. Jao, J.-S. Hsu, and G.-C. Liu Early Response of Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization: Choline Levels and MR Diffusion Constants--Initial Experience Radiology, May 1, 2006; 239(2): 448 - 456. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Taouli, V. Vilgrain, E. Dumont, J.-L. Daire, B. Fan, and Y. Menu Evaluation of Liver Diffusion Isotropy and Characterization of Focal Hepatic Lesions with Two Single-Shot Echo-planar MR Imaging Sequences: Prospective Study in 66 Patients Radiology, January 1, 2003; 226(1): 71 - 78. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Herneth, M. O. Philipp, J. Naude, M. Funovics, R. R. Beichel, R. Bammer, and H. Imhof Vertebral Metastases: Assessment with Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Radiology, December 1, 2002; 225(3): 889 - 894. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Mamata, Y. Mamata, C.-F. Westin, M. E. Shenton, R. Kikinis, F. A. Jolesz, and S. E. Maier High-Resolution Line Scan Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging of White Matter Fiber Tract Anatomy AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., January 1, 2002; 23(1): 67 - 75. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Cercignani, M. Inglese, E. Pagani, G. Comi, and M. Filippi Mean Diffusivity and Fractional Anisotropy Histograms of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., May 1, 2001; 22(5): 952 - 958. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. L. Keir and J. M. Wardlaw Systematic Review of Diffusion and Perfusion Imaging in Acute Ischemic Stroke Stroke, November 1, 2000; 31(11): 2723 - 2731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Augustin, R. Bammer, J. Simbrunner, R. Stollberger, H.-P. Hartung, and F. Fazekas Diffusion-weighted Imaging of Patients with Subacute Cerebral Ischemia: Comparison with Conventional and Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., October 1, 2000; 21(9): 1596 - 1602. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. Kikuchi, H. Miki, and A. Nakagawa The Utility of Diffusion-weighted Imaging with Navigator-echo Technique for the Diagnosis of Spinal Epidermoid Cysts AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., June 1, 2000; 21(6): 1164 - 1166. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. Bammer, F. Fazekas, M. Augustin, J. Simbrunner, S. Strasser-Fuchs, T. Seifert, R. Stollberger, and H.-P. Hartung Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging of the Spinal Cord AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., March 1, 2000; 21(3): 587 - 591. [Abstract] [Full Text]