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Breast Imaging |
1 From the Departments of Radiology (S.G.O., S.P.W., M.D.S.), Surgery (D.L.F.), and Radiation Oncology (L.J.S.) and the Hematology-Oncology Division (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (C.A.R.). Received July 8, 1998; revision requested August 18; final revision received October 22; accepted February 10, 1999. Address reprint requests to S.G.O. (e-mail: orel@oasis.rad.upenn.edu).
PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the breast in patients with malignant axillary adenopathy and unknown primary malignancy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 1993 and December 1997, 38 women with malignant axillary adenopathy and negative mammographic and physical examination findings underwent contrast material–enhanced MR imaging. Sixteen patients were excluded due to axillary tail cancer (n = 7), lack of follow-up (n = 4), second primary malignancy (n = 3), or chemotherapy before MR imaging (n = 2). The study population comprised the remaining 22 patients. Histopathologic findings were available in 20 patients; follow-up MR imaging findings were available in two patients.
RESULTS: MR imaging depicted a primary breast cancer in 19 patients (86%; identified at excisional biopsy or mastectomy in 17, resolved on follow-up MR images during treatment in two). MR imaging depicted 4–30-mm cancers (mean, 17 mm), which correlated closely with histopathologic size. Two patients (9%) had false-negative findings: (a) One had a 2-mm invasive ductal carcinoma, and (b) one had 17- and 20-mm invasive ductal carcinomas. Of the 19 patients, 11 underwent mastectomy, seven underwent breast-conservation therapy, and one did not undergo a surgical procedure.
CONCLUSION: MR imaging is very sensitive for the detection of mammographically and clinically occult breast cancer in patients with malignant axillary adenopathy. In these patients, MR imaging offers potential not only for cancer detection but also for staging the cancer within the breast, which may be useful for treatment planning.
Index terms: Breast neoplasms, diagnosis, 00.121412, 00.121415, 00.12143, 00.30 • Breast neoplasms, localization, 00.121412, 00.121415, 00.12143, 00.30 • Breast neoplasms, metastases, 997.33 • Breast neoplasms, MR, 00.121412, 00.121415, 00.12143, 00.30 • Breast neoplasms, staging, 00.30
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