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Lumbar Spine Radiography: Digital Flat-Panel Detector versus Screen-Film and Storage-Phosphor Systems in Monkeys as a Pediatric Model¹

¹ From the Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Muenster, Germany. Received June 14, 2002; revision requested August 9; final revision received February 9, 2003; accepted February 18. Address correspondence to K.L., Section of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr 200a, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany (e-mail: karl.ludwig@ok.uni-heidelberg.de).

View larger version (50K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Anatomic structures assessed in the lumbar spine. Each structure was assessed independently for each of the seven lumbar vertebrae.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Graphic depiction of the mean scores for the different imaging modes and exposure doses shows dependence of image quality on exposure dose with the flat-panel (FPD) and storage-phosphor (SPS) systems. A lower score indicates better image quality. With an exposure dose equivalent to speed class 400, the flat-panel system outperforms the other imaging systems examined. With an exposure dose equivalent to speed class 1600, the flat-panel system is comparable to the speed class 400 screen-film system (SFS).

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Figure 3a. Radiographs of the lumbar spine obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. The flat-panel system offers superior image quality to that of screen-film and storage-phosphor systems.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Figure 3b. Radiographs of the lumbar spine obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. The flat-panel system offers superior image quality to that of screen-film and storage-phosphor systems.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Figure 3c. Radiographs of the lumbar spine obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. The flat-panel system offers superior image quality to that of screen-film and storage-phosphor systems.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Figure 3d. Radiographs of the lumbar spine obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. The flat-panel system offers superior image quality to that of screen-film and storage-phosphor systems.

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Figure 3e. Radiographs of the lumbar spine obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. The flat-panel system offers superior image quality to that of screen-film and storage-phosphor systems.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Figure 3f. Radiographs of the lumbar spine obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. The flat-panel system offers superior image quality to that of screen-film and storage-phosphor systems.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Figure 3g. Radiographs of the lumbar spine obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. The flat-panel system offers superior image quality to that of screen-film and storage-phosphor systems.

View larger version (147K): [in a new window]   Figure 4a. Detail magnifications of radiographs obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. With identical exposure dose, the flat-panel system offers the best depiction of anatomic structures. With both digital imaging systems, depiction of anatomic structures deteriorates with decreasing exposure dose.

View larger version (143K): [in a new window]   Figure 4b. Detail magnifications of radiographs obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. With identical exposure dose, the flat-panel system offers the best depiction of anatomic structures. With both digital imaging systems, depiction of anatomic structures deteriorates with decreasing exposure dose.

View larger version (150K): [in a new window]   Figure 4c. Detail magnifications of radiographs obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. With identical exposure dose, the flat-panel system offers the best depiction of anatomic structures. With both digital imaging systems, depiction of anatomic structures deteriorates with decreasing exposure dose.

View larger version (153K): [in a new window]   Figure 4d. Detail magnifications of radiographs obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. With identical exposure dose, the flat-panel system offers the best depiction of anatomic structures. With both digital imaging systems, depiction of anatomic structures deteriorates with decreasing exposure dose.

View larger version (141K): [in a new window]   Figure 4e. Detail magnifications of radiographs obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. With identical exposure dose, the flat-panel system offers the best depiction of anatomic structures. With both digital imaging systems, depiction of anatomic structures deteriorates with decreasing exposure dose.

View larger version (146K): [in a new window]   Figure 4f. Detail magnifications of radiographs obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. With identical exposure dose, the flat-panel system offers the best depiction of anatomic structures. With both digital imaging systems, depiction of anatomic structures deteriorates with decreasing exposure dose.

View larger version (154K): [in a new window]   Figure 4g. Detail magnifications of radiographs obtained with (a) the speed class 400 screen-film system; the flat-panel system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (b) 400, (c) 800, and (d) 1600; and the storage-phosphor system at exposure doses equivalent to speed classes (e) 400, (f) 800, and (g) 1600. With identical exposure dose, the flat-panel system offers the best depiction of anatomic structures. With both digital imaging systems, depiction of anatomic structures deteriorates with decreasing exposure dose.