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Fetal Sheep Brains: Findings at Functional Blood Oxygen Level–Dependent 3-T MR Imaging—Relationship to Maternal Oxygen Saturation during Hypoxia¹

¹ From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (U.W., S.S., A.N.P., M.W., G.A.), Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine (M.T.), and Division of Experimental Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine (H.J.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany. Received September 21, 2004; revision requested November 24; revision received December 21; accepted January 12, 2005. Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft We 2826/1-1. Address correspondence to U.W. (e-mail: wedegaer{at}uke.uni-hamburg.de).

View larger version (170K): [in a new window]   Figure 1a. (a, b) Transverse T2*-weighted single-shot gradient echo echo-planar BOLD MR images (echo time, 45 msec; field of view, 180 mm; acquired resolution, 2.25 x 2.25; reconstructed resolution, 1.4 x 1.4 mm; acquired matrix, 80 x 80; reconstructed matrix, 128 x 128; section thickness, 5 mm; intersection gap, 1 mm; and flip angle, 90°) of the fetal cerebrum in animal 3 acquired (a) during the control period with a maternal oxygen saturation of 92% and (b) during the hypoxic plateau a maternal oxygen saturation of 53%. The SI decrease during hypoxia is clearly visible. An ROI that includes both hemispheres is positioned in the cerebrum (dotted line).

View larger version (168K): [in a new window]   Figure 1b. (a, b) Transverse T2*-weighted single-shot gradient echo echo-planar BOLD MR images (echo time, 45 msec; field of view, 180 mm; acquired resolution, 2.25 x 2.25; reconstructed resolution, 1.4 x 1.4 mm; acquired matrix, 80 x 80; reconstructed matrix, 128 x 128; section thickness, 5 mm; intersection gap, 1 mm; and flip angle, 90°) of the fetal cerebrum in animal 3 acquired (a) during the control period with a maternal oxygen saturation of 92% and (b) during the hypoxic plateau a maternal oxygen saturation of 53%. The SI decrease during hypoxia is clearly visible. An ROI that includes both hemispheres is positioned in the cerebrum (dotted line).

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Figure 2a. (a–c) Scatterplots of data acquired in animal 3 during an initial control period and hypoxia induced by a reduction in maternal oxygen saturation (MatSO2) show the time course of (a) absolute and (c) relative BOLD SI in both cerebral hemispheres (), the left cerebral hemisphere (), the right cerebral hemisphere (), and the cerebellum () and (b) maternal data—that is, maternal oxygen saturation, indicated by the straight line, and maternal heart rate (MatHR), indicated by the dashed line.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Figure 2b. (a–c) Scatterplots of data acquired in animal 3 during an initial control period and hypoxia induced by a reduction in maternal oxygen saturation (MatSO2) show the time course of (a) absolute and (c) relative BOLD SI in both cerebral hemispheres (), the left cerebral hemisphere (), the right cerebral hemisphere (), and the cerebellum () and (b) maternal data—that is, maternal oxygen saturation, indicated by the straight line, and maternal heart rate (MatHR), indicated by the dashed line.

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Figure 2c. (a–c) Scatterplots of data acquired in animal 3 during an initial control period and hypoxia induced by a reduction in maternal oxygen saturation (MatSO2) show the time course of (a) absolute and (c) relative BOLD SI in both cerebral hemispheres (), the left cerebral hemisphere (), the right cerebral hemisphere (), and the cerebellum () and (b) maternal data—that is, maternal oxygen saturation, indicated by the straight line, and maternal heart rate (MatHR), indicated by the dashed line.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Figure 3a. (a, b) Graphs show results of linear regression analysis of normalized BOLD SI versus maternal oxygen saturation (MatSO2) in (a) the cerebrum and (b) the cerebellum. Mean values at the hypoxic plateaus are marked for each animal (animal 1: ; animal 2: ; animal 3: ; animal 4: ; animal 5: ). Dotted lines indicate the 95% CI of the regression line.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Figure 3b. (a, b) Graphs show results of linear regression analysis of normalized BOLD SI versus maternal oxygen saturation (MatSO2) in (a) the cerebrum and (b) the cerebellum. Mean values at the hypoxic plateaus are marked for each animal (animal 1: ; animal 2: ; animal 3: ; animal 4: ; animal 5: ). Dotted lines indicate the 95% CI of the regression line.