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Focal Liver Lesions: SPIO-, Gadolinium-, and Ferucarbotran-enhanced Dynamic T1-weighted and Delayed T2-weighted MR Imaging in Rabbits¹

¹ From the Departments of Radiology (J.S., S.W., C.A., R.D., E.A.S., B.H., M.T.) and Medical Biometry (T.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Schumannstrasse 20/21, 10098 Berlin, Germany; and Ferropharm, Forschungslabor, Teltow, Brandenburg, Germany (J.S., S.W., H.P.). Received May 17, 2004; revision requested August 3; revision received May 9, 2005; accepted June 20; final version accepted September 1. Supported by Investitionsbank des Landes Brandenburg, program Produkt- und Verfahrensinnovation im Land Brandenburg, reference 80100562. Address correspondence to J.S. (e-mail: joerg.schnorr{at}charite.de).

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Figure 1a: Graphs depict SNRs of (a) liver and (b) tumor and (c) CNR after intravenous bolus injection of VSOP-C184 (0.015 and 0.025 mmol Fe/kg), gadopentetate dimeglumine, and ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 produces a higher contrast between liver and tumor on dynamic T1-weighted GRE images than do gadopentetate dimeglumine and ferucarbotran. Symbols defined in a are also applicable to b and c.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 1b: Graphs depict SNRs of (a) liver and (b) tumor and (c) CNR after intravenous bolus injection of VSOP-C184 (0.015 and 0.025 mmol Fe/kg), gadopentetate dimeglumine, and ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 produces a higher contrast between liver and tumor on dynamic T1-weighted GRE images than do gadopentetate dimeglumine and ferucarbotran. Symbols defined in a are also applicable to b and c.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 1c: Graphs depict SNRs of (a) liver and (b) tumor and (c) CNR after intravenous bolus injection of VSOP-C184 (0.015 and 0.025 mmol Fe/kg), gadopentetate dimeglumine, and ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 produces a higher contrast between liver and tumor on dynamic T1-weighted GRE images than do gadopentetate dimeglumine and ferucarbotran. Symbols defined in a are also applicable to b and c.

View larger version (93K): [in a new window]   Figure 2a: Transverse T1-weighted GRE MR images (35/4.1, 60° flip angle) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 24 seconds after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. All three agents produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow), which is most pronounced after injection of both doses of VSOP-C184.

View larger version (115K): [in a new window]   Figure 2b: Transverse T1-weighted GRE MR images (35/4.1, 60° flip angle) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 24 seconds after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. All three agents produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow), which is most pronounced after injection of both doses of VSOP-C184.

View larger version (111K): [in a new window]   Figure 2c: Transverse T1-weighted GRE MR images (35/4.1, 60° flip angle) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 24 seconds after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. All three agents produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow), which is most pronounced after injection of both doses of VSOP-C184.

View larger version (120K): [in a new window]   Figure 2d: Transverse T1-weighted GRE MR images (35/4.1, 60° flip angle) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 24 seconds after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. All three agents produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow), which is most pronounced after injection of both doses of VSOP-C184.

View larger version (93K): [in a new window]   Figure 2e: Transverse T1-weighted GRE MR images (35/4.1, 60° flip angle) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 24 seconds after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. All three agents produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow), which is most pronounced after injection of both doses of VSOP-C184.

View larger version (105K): [in a new window]   Figure 2f: Transverse T1-weighted GRE MR images (35/4.1, 60° flip angle) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 24 seconds after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. All three agents produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow), which is most pronounced after injection of both doses of VSOP-C184.

View larger version (97K): [in a new window]   Figure 2g: Transverse T1-weighted GRE MR images (35/4.1, 60° flip angle) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 24 seconds after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. All three agents produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow), which is most pronounced after injection of both doses of VSOP-C184.

View larger version (106K): [in a new window]   Figure 2h: Transverse T1-weighted GRE MR images (35/4.1, 60° flip angle) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 24 seconds after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. All three agents produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow), which is most pronounced after injection of both doses of VSOP-C184.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 3a: Graphs depict SNRs of (a) liver and (b) tumor and (c) CNR before and after intravenous bolus injection of VSOP-C184, gadopentetate dimeglumine, and ferucarbotran. On delayed T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2-TSE) MR images (1800/85), the contrast between liver and tumor is comparable to that achieved with ferucarbotran and higher than that achieved with gadopentetate dimeglumine. Symbols defined in a are also applicable to b and c.

View larger version (9K): [in a new window]   Figure 3b: Graphs depict SNRs of (a) liver and (b) tumor and (c) CNR before and after intravenous bolus injection of VSOP-C184, gadopentetate dimeglumine, and ferucarbotran. On delayed T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2-TSE) MR images (1800/85), the contrast between liver and tumor is comparable to that achieved with ferucarbotran and higher than that achieved with gadopentetate dimeglumine. Symbols defined in a are also applicable to b and c.

View larger version (8K): [in a new window]   Figure 3c: Graphs depict SNRs of (a) liver and (b) tumor and (c) CNR before and after intravenous bolus injection of VSOP-C184, gadopentetate dimeglumine, and ferucarbotran. On delayed T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2-TSE) MR images (1800/85), the contrast between liver and tumor is comparable to that achieved with ferucarbotran and higher than that achieved with gadopentetate dimeglumine. Symbols defined in a are also applicable to b and c.

View larger version (141K): [in a new window]   Figure 4a: Transverse T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR images (1800/85) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 5 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 and ferucarbotran produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow) with no difference between the two agents, whereas gadopentetate dimeglumine does not change the contrast.

View larger version (139K): [in a new window]   Figure 4b: Transverse T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR images (1800/85) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 5 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 and ferucarbotran produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow) with no difference between the two agents, whereas gadopentetate dimeglumine does not change the contrast.

View larger version (142K): [in a new window]   Figure 4c: Transverse T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR images (1800/85) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 5 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 and ferucarbotran produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow) with no difference between the two agents, whereas gadopentetate dimeglumine does not change the contrast.

View larger version (147K): [in a new window]   Figure 4d: Transverse T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR images (1800/85) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 5 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 and ferucarbotran produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow) with no difference between the two agents, whereas gadopentetate dimeglumine does not change the contrast.

View larger version (142K): [in a new window]   Figure 4e: Transverse T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR images (1800/85) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 5 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 and ferucarbotran produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow) with no difference between the two agents, whereas gadopentetate dimeglumine does not change the contrast.

View larger version (150K): [in a new window]   Figure 4f: Transverse T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR images (1800/85) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 5 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 and ferucarbotran produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow) with no difference between the two agents, whereas gadopentetate dimeglumine does not change the contrast.

View larger version (124K): [in a new window]   Figure 4g: Transverse T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR images (1800/85) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 5 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 and ferucarbotran produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow) with no difference between the two agents, whereas gadopentetate dimeglumine does not change the contrast.

View larger version (135K): [in a new window]   Figure 4h: Transverse T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR images (1800/85) through the upper abdomen of rabbits (a, c, e, g) before and (b, d, f, h) 5 minutes after intravenous bolus injection of (a, b) 0.015-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (c, d) 0.025-mmol Fe/kg VSOP-C184, (e, f) gadopentetate dimeglumine, and (g, h) ferucarbotran. VSOP-C184 and ferucarbotran produce an increase in contrast between liver and tumor (arrow) with no difference between the two agents, whereas gadopentetate dimeglumine does not change the contrast.